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Foundational

Vitamin A · Vitamin A (retinyl palmitate)

Fat-soluble vitamin; toxicity concerns at high doses.

A
Evidence grade
Replicated human RCTs with hard endpoints

Short answer

Get from diet (liver, eggs, orange vegetables via beta-carotene). Only supplement if diagnosed deficient.

Product and dose overview

Vitamin A (Vitamin A (retinyl palmitate)) is a foundational with evidence grade A, meaning it is well-supported by replicated human trials. We track 3 products containing Vitamin A. Typical doses range from 0.0708 to 3 mg per serving. The top-ranked product scores 7.6 out of 10 on our composite scale (dose, evidence, price, testing, transparency). Prices range up to $90.00 per month.

Evidence grade: A Products in database: 3 Category: Foundational

Top Vitamin A products

ProductBrandDosePrice/mo3rd-party testedScore
Extra Virgin Cod Liver Oil (Liquid)Rosita3 mg$47.99Yes7.6
Seed DM-02 Daily MultivitaminSeed Health0.9 mg$39.99Yes6.7
MosaicElysium Health0.0708 mg$90.00No5.6

Scores are editorial judgments, not a scientific standard. See how we score.

What it is

Essential for vision, immune function, skin. Overdose (>10,000 IU/day) causes toxicity, especially in pregnancy.

Why people take it

Correcting deficiency important in restricted diets. Casual megadosing dangerous.

Our verdict

Get from diet (liver, eggs, orange vegetables via beta-carotene). Only supplement if diagnosed deficient.

Structure & class

Retinol / retinyl esters.

Mechanism & clinical data

Teratogenicity above 10,000 IU/day in pregnancy.

Pharmacokinetics

Days.

Dose & forms

Trial dose
0.9 mg
/ day
Range in trials
0.7 to 3 mg
/ day
Common forms
Retinyl palmitate, Beta-carotene (safer)

What to watch out for

Do not exceed 10,000 IU/day. Pregnancy hazard.

Safety limits and interactions

When a product exceeds the UL or contains an ingredient with clinically significant interactions, a "Review advised" flag appears on its product page and links here.

Tolerable upper intake level (UL)
3 mg/day
Known drug interactions
Retinoids may interact with oral contraceptives (reduced effectiveness), tetracyclines (increased intracranial pressure risk), and anticoagulants. Avoid high-dose preformed vitamin A during pregnancy.
Safety note
UL is 3,000 μg RAE/day (3 mg/day) for adults from preformed vitamin A (retinol/retinyl esters). Chronic excess intake is associated with hip fracture, liver toxicity, and teratogenic effects. Beta-carotene is not subject to this UL.

Source: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/

Where this dose comes from

The trial dose above is our editorial pick from the published human trials for this ingredient. We choose the dose that the best-available studies used on the endpoint most relevant to longevity. The range shows the lowest and highest doses tested in published trials. The landmark studies below are the papers we read to set it. You can click through and check our work.

When new trials publish, our automated sweeps flag them. If a new study materially changes the dose, we update it through editorial review and record the old dose, new dose, and the triggering study in every affected product's recommendation history. The dose is never changed automatically.

Regulatory status

EUFood supplement (limit 800 μg RE)
USDietary supplement
UKFood supplement
CANHP

Timeline

Regulatory events, evidence grade changes, and key research milestones for Vitamin A, most recent first. Studies link to the paper; regulatory entries name and link the responsible authority.

  • 2025-04 Regulatory single source
    EU Court sharpens the bar for botanical health claims
    A Court of Justice of the European Union ruling in April 2025 further tightened the requirements for how botanical ingredients (herbs, plant extracts) can be marketed with health claims in the EU, effectively removing much of the flexibility of the on-hold list.
  • 2024-06 Regulatory confirmed
    EU report identifies 117 supplement substances as potential health risks
    The HoA Working Group on Food Supplements (26 European countries) published its first report evaluating 117 substances used in food supplements. Of these, 65 were assessed as likely novel foods, 6 were already regulated, 34 had insufficient data, and 12 were prioritized for Article 8 restriction under Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006. The 12 priority substances include ashwagandha, curcumin, melatonin, piperine, St. John's wort, coumarin, p-synephrine, maca, holy basil, Melaleuca, black cohosh, and L-tryptophan. The report drew on 1,500 RASFF alerts reviewed between 2017 and mid-2022.
  • 2006-12 Regulatory confirmed
    EU Health Claims Regulation adopted
    Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 laid down harmonised rules for nutrition and health claims made on foods, including supplements. Only claims listed in the EU Register of authorised claims can be used. Rejected botanical claims are held in a separate on-hold list.
  • 1997 Regulatory confirmed
    EU introduces the Novel Food Regulation
    Regulation (EC) No 258/97 required any food or food ingredient without a history of consumption in the EU before 15 May 1997 to be authorised before being placed on the market. This is the framework that captures NMN, spermidine as a supplement ingredient, urolithin A, and many other longevity actives.

Landmark studies

Found in these products (3)

All products in our catalog that contain Vitamin A, ranked by our overall score. Ranking is editorial, never paid.

Omega
Omega-3 as listed
1,210 mgEPA/DHA split not stored
Price per serving
$1.60$47.99 · 30 servings
Testing
3rd-party listed · no public lab certificate

Multi-ingredient bundle

Status as recorded in the catalog from brand materials; not independently verified by NO1GEVITY.

Score & research context 7.6/10

Editorial score, not proof that this product works. Research-dose calculations are not dosing advice.

100%
of trial dose
$2.64
per research-dose day, not label serving
0Trial dose2×
Catalog price · Confirm current price with www.rositausa.com
Multi/greens
Ingredients listed
6 ingredients listedlargest listed: Vitamin C 90 mg
Price per serving
$1.33$39.99 · 30 servings
Testing
3rd-party listed · no public lab certificate

Multi-ingredient bundle

Status as recorded in the catalog from brand materials; not independently verified by NO1GEVITY.

Score & research context 6.7/10

Editorial score, not proof that this product works. Research-dose calculations are not dosing advice.

100%
of trial dose
$1.33
per research-dose day, not label serving
0Trial dose2×
Catalog price · Confirm current price with seed.com
Elysium Health
Connective tissue
Ingredients listed
3 ingredients listedlargest listed: Hyaluronic Acid 120 mg
Price per serving
$3.00$90.00 · 30 servings
Testing
None listed

Elemental vs compound: check label

Status as recorded in the catalog from brand materials; not independently verified by NO1GEVITY.

Score & research context 5.6/10

Editorial score, not proof that this product works. Research-dose calculations are not dosing advice.

10%
of trial dose
$38.14
per research-dose day, not label serving
0Trial dose2×
Catalog price · Confirm current price with www.elysiumhealth.com
Editorial guides

Buying guides and comparisons

Neighbouring molecules

Related ingredients

See all in Foundational →

Molecules in the same class, plus the actives most often formulated alongside Vitamin A in our catalogue.

Omega-3 (EPA/DHA)Asame categoryVitamin D3Asame categoryVitamin K2Bsame categoryMagnesiumAsame categoryVitamin B12Asame categoryFolate (5-MTHF)Bsame categoryZincAsame categorySeleniumAsame category

See Vitamin A in context: the mechanism it acts through, the biomarker it moves, the products that dose it, and the trials that tested it.

View Vitamin A on the Longevity Map →

Frequently asked questions

What is Vitamin A?

Essential for vision, immune function, skin. Overdose (>10,000 IU/day) causes toxicity, especially in pregnancy.

What dose of Vitamin A should I take?

The trial dose in published human studies is 0.9 mg per day, with a range of 0.7 to 3 mg per day. Always consult a qualified clinician before starting any supplement.

Is Vitamin A safe?

UL is 3,000 μg RAE/day (3 mg/day) for adults from preformed vitamin A (retinol/retinyl esters). Chronic excess intake is associated with hip fracture, liver toxicity, and teratogenic effects. Beta-carotene is not subject to this UL.

What is the best Vitamin A supplement?

We track 3 products containing Vitamin A. The top-ranked product scores 7.6 out of 10 on our composite scale, which evaluates dose, evidence, price, third-party testing, and transparency. See the comparison table above. Scores are editorial judgments, not a scientific standard.

What is the evidence grade for Vitamin A?

Vitamin A has evidence grade A, meaning it is well-supported by replicated human trials. Grade A means replicated human RCTs with hard endpoints. Grade B means human RCTs with biomarker outcomes. Grade C means mixed or small human trials. See our evidence grading methodology.

Independently checked

Data verification

Evidence grade
A
Replicated human RCTs with hard endpoints
Research dose
0.9 mg
Products tracked
3
Updated continuously
Safety signal
UL is 3,000 μg RAE/day (3 mg/day) for adults from preform...

Evidence grades are reviewed when new human RCTs are published. Product counts update automatically as new products are added. Dose ranges reflect published trial data, not brand recommendations. Read how we verify.