Study

Meal frequency and timing in health and disease

Mattson MP, Allison DB, Fontana L, et al.

PRIMARY 2014
Summary Does eating more often or at different times improve health? Show / hide ↓

Researchers reviewed earlier studies on how often and when people eat. The evidence included adults and children, along with some animal studies, and examined breakfast, irregular meals, snacking, and eating late at night. Some studies linked regular meals and eating earlier in the day with healthier body weight and blood sugar, the amount of sugar in the blood. However, many studies only found associations, meaning they could not prove that meal timing caused the health differences. The results were mixed, and there was no single group of participants or one standard eating plan tested.

What this means for you: This does not show that you need to eat a certain number of meals or avoid food at a particular hour. Choose a meal schedule that fits your life, while focusing more on the overall quality and amount of food.

conflicting evidence
DesignPRIMARY
TierTier 2, Product RCT (not peer-reviewed)
Year2014
JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Added to NO1GEVITYJun 15, 2026

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