Pyrroloquinoline quinone stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis through cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation and increased PGC-1alpha expression

Researchers tested PQQ, a vitamin-like compound, in lab-grown cells and mice. They measured mitochondria, the parts of cells that produce energy, and signs that cells were making more of them. PQQ activated CREB, a protein that switches genes on, and increased PGC-1alpha, a protein that helps build mitochondria. Mice and cells showed more signs of mitochondrial production and activity after PQQ treatment. No people took part in this study.

What this means for you: This is early laboratory and animal research, not evidence that PQQ improves energy, health, or lifespan in people. You can ignore PQQ supplements based on this study alone.